데이비드 흄
그리고 무엇이 가장 위대한 숫자인가? 넘버 원.
관습, 인즉, 인간 생활에 훌륭한 가이드.
The richest genius, like the most fertile soil, when uncultivated, shoots up into the rankest weeds.
The heights of popularity and patriotism are still the beaten road to power and tyranny.
Nothing is more surprising than the easiness with which the many are governed by the few.
Never literary attempt was more unfortunate than my Treatise of Human Nature. It fell dead-born from the press.
It is a just political maxim, that every man must be supposed a knave.
He is happy whom circumstances suit his temper; but he Is more excellent who suits his temper to any circumstance.
Eloquence, at its highest pitch, leaves little room for reason or reflection, but addresses itself entirely to the desires and affections, captivating the willing hearers, and subduing their understanding.
Character is the result of a system of stereotyped principals.
Beauty is no quality in things themselves. It exists merely in the mind which contemplates them.
프리드리히 니체
Plato는 따분한 사람이엇다.
행복하지 못한 결혼은 사랑의 부족이기 보다는 우정의 부족이다.
행동을 하는 사람만이 배울 수 있다.
춤추는 별을 탄생시키기 위해서는 내면에 혼돈을 지녀야 한다.
축복받은 자들은 잊기를 잘한다. 그들의 실수에도 더욱 좋은 것을 얻기 때문이다.
진실에 의해 죽지 않기 위해 예술이 있는 것이다.
지혜로운 자는 적을 사랑하는 것 뿐만이 아니라 친구를 증오하는 것도 가능해야 한다.
좋은 아버지가 없었다면 좋은 아버지를 창조해 내야 한다.
젊은 사람을 가장 확실하게 퇴폐시킬 수 있는 방법은 그에게 다른 사람들과 달리 생각 하기보다는 똑 같은 생각을 하는 데에 가치를 두도록 가르치는 것이다.
절대적인 진실이 없듯이 영원한 사실 또한 없다.
적에 대항할 가장 효과적인 무기는 또 다른 적이다.
자신의 목적을 잊는 것은 가장 일반적인 형태의 어리석음이다.
자신에 대해서 많이 얘기하는 것은 자기 자신을 숨기는 방법이 될 수 있다.
인생의 전부는 취향과 취향을 찾아 나서려는 논쟁이다.
이상형이라 불리는 것은 부모님의 허상이 반영되어 있다.
음악에 있어서는 열정들이 스스로를 즐긴다.
음악 없는 삶은 그 자체가 실수일 것이다.
윤리란 개인이 가지고 있는 군거 의식이다.
위트란 감정의 묘비다.
우리를 죽이지 못하는 것은 우리를 강하게 만들어 줄 뿐이다.
우리를 죽이지 못하는 것은 우리를 강하게 만들어 준다.
우리는 사는 것에 익숙해서가 아니라 사랑하는 것에 익숙하기 때문에 삶은 사랑한다.
우리 자신을 지루하게 하기에는 인생이 천 배나 짧지 않은가?
오늘날에는 메스꺼운 음악만이 돈을 벌어들인다.
오늘 최고로 웃는 사람이 마지막에도 웃게 된다.
예술이야 말로 인생의 과업이다.
예술가에게 유럽에 집이란 없다. 파리를 빼고는.
예술, 또는 어떠한 종류의 미적인 활동이 존재하기 위해서는 특정한 정신적인 조건이 불가결하게 전제되어야 한다: 흥분과 도취.
영원한 삶을 위해서는 큰 희생을 해야 한다. 살아 있는 동안 여러 번 죽어야 하기 때문이다.
여자에게 남자는 도구일 뿐이다. 그리고 결과는 항상 아이로 끝나게 된다.
여자란 신의 두 번째 실수였다.
여자들은 깊이가 있다고 생각되고 있다. 왜 그런가? 그 이유는 그들에게서 바닥을 찾아내지 못하기 때문이다. 그들은 그렇다고 해서 얕은 것도 아니다.
언론과 기계, 철도, 그리고 전보의 1000년 후의 결말은 아무도 감히 염두 해두고 있지 않다.
아무것도 버리지 못하는 자는 아무것도 느끼지 못한다.
신은 있을 수 없다. 왜냐하면, 신이 존재했더라면 그 신이 내 자신이 아니라는 사실을 믿을 수 없을 것이기 때문이다.
신은 비뚤어진 것을 곧게 만들 것으로 기대된다.
술과 기독교는 유럽의 가장 큰 두 가지 최면이다.
성공은 항상 굉장한 거짓말쟁이였다.
설득은 거짓보다 위험한 진실의 적이다.
사실은 없다 해석만이 있을 뿐이다.
사랑은 눈이 멀었다. 우정은 일부러 눈을 감아주는 것이다.
사랑에 의해 벌린 손을 다시 쥐고 주는 사람으로서 삼가는 것이 가장 힘들다.
사람의 진정한 모습은 그의 재능이 줄어들기 시작할 때, 그가 자신이 할 수 있는 것을 보여주기를 멈출 때 드러난다.
분노로 죽일 수는 없으나 웃음으로는 죽일 수 있다.
백 명의 사람들이 같이 서 있을 때 사람은 각자 자신의 정신을 잃고 새로운 정신 세계를 맞는다.
믿음: 무엇이 진실인지 알고 싶어하지 않는 것.
미래는 과거가 그러는 것 만큼 현재에 영향을 준다.
무위는 심리학의 아버지다.
무언가의 부조리함은 그것의 존재에 관한 논쟁이라기 보다는 그것의 상태에 관한 논쟁이다.
모든지 용서할 것이 있다면, 비난할 것도 있다.
모든 훌륭한 생각들은 걸으면서 떠오른다.
모든 진정한 남자 속에는 놀기를 원하는 아이가 있다.
모든 진실은 간단하다…이것은 두 배의 거짓이 아닌가?
모든 아름답고 위대한 예술의 핵심은 감사하는 마음이다.
모든 글들 중에서 나는 유일하게 자신의 피로 쓰여진 글 만을 좋아한다.
두려움은 도덕의 어머니이다.
다른 사람이 책 한 권을 통해서 하는 말을 나는 10개의 문장으로 말하는 것이 나의 야망이다.
누군가 때때로 거짓말을 할 수도 있다. 그러나 그에 동반한 찡그린 얼굴이 진실을 말해준다.
너는 너 갈 길을 가고 나는 내 갈 길을 가겠다. 옳고 정확하고 유일한 길은 존재하지 않는다.
내가 산에 오를 때마다 ‘Ego’라는 개가 나를 쫓아온다.
날고 싶어 하는 자는 우선 일어서서 걷고 뛰고 기어 오르고 춤추는 법을 배워야 한다. 아무도 처음부터 날지는 못한다.
나의 의견들을 모두 기억하는 것은 그에 따른 이유들 까지 기억하는 것을 둘째 치고서라도 힘든 일이다.
나를 파괴하지 못하는 것은 나를 강하게 할 뿐이다.
나는 항상 찬양 받고 싶어하는 신은 믿을 수 없다.
나는 지금 이 순간부터 긍정론자가 되기를 원한다.
나는 왜 사람만이 웃는지 알고 있다. 사람만이 너무나도 깊이 고통 받기 때문에 웃음을 발명해야 했던 것이다.
나는 오늘을 위해 살 줄 모르는 이들을 사랑한다.
나는 신이다. 그러나 변장하고 있는 것뿐이다
기독교에서는 윤리사상과 종교 그 어떠한 것도 현실과 한 점에서 접촉하지 않는다.
교의가 느슨한 곳에서 예술은 고개를 든다.
광기는 개인에게 있어서는 드물다. 그러나 모임, 정당, 국가, 그리고 시대에 있어서는 법과도 같다.
광기는 개인에게 있어서는 드물다. 그러나 모임, 정당, 국가, 그리고 세대에 있어서는 법과도 같다.
고통이 아니라 즐거움을 나누면 우정이 돈독해진다.
거짓말은 삶의 필요 조건이다.
강력한 안경이 때로는 사랑에 빠진 사람을 치료하는 데에 충분할 때가 있다.
Women can form a friendship with a man very well; but to preserve it – to that end a slight physical antipathy must probably help.
Whoever fights monsters should see to it that in the process he does not become a monster. And if you gaze long enough into an abyss, the abyss will gaze back into you.
Whoever battles with monsters had better see that it does not turn him into a monster. And if you gaze long into an abyss, the abyss will gaze back into you.
When you look into an abyss, the abyss also looks into you.
When one has finished building one’s house, one suddenly realizes that in the process one has learned something that one really needed to know in the worst way – before one began.
When one has a great deal to put into it a day has a hundred pockets.
When one does away with oneself one does the most estimable thing possible: one thereby almost deserves to live.
When marrying, ask yourself this question: Do you believe that you will be able to converse well with this person into your old age? Everything else in marriage is transitory.
What then in the last resort are the truths of mankind? They are the irrefutable errors of mankind.
What really raises one’s indignation against suffering is not suffering intrinsically, but the senselessness of suffering.
What is good? All that heightens the feeling of power, the will to power, power itself in man.
We should consider every day lost on which we have not danced at least once. And we should call every truth false which was not accompanied by at least one laugh.
We must be physicists in order to be creative since so far codes of values and ideals have been constructed in ignorance of physics or even in contradiction to physics.
War has always been the grand sagacity of every spirit which has grown too inward and too profound; its curative power lies even in the wounds one receives.
Undeserved praise causes more pangs of conscience later than undeserved blame, but probably only for this reason, that our power of judgment are more completely exposed by being over praised than by being unjustly underestimated.
To use the same words is not a sufficient guarantee of understanding; one must use the same words for the same genus of inward experience; ultimately one must have one’s experiences in common.
To give style to one’s character – a great and rare art! He exercises it who surveys all that his nature presents in strength and weakness and then moulds it to an artistic plan until everything appears as art and reason, and even the weaknesses delight th
To exercise power costs effort and demands courage. That is why so many fail to assert rights to which they are perfectly entitled – because a right is a kind of power but they are too lazy or too cowardly to exercise it. The virtues which cloak these faul
To die proudly when it is no longer possible to live proudly. Death of one’s own free choice, death at the proper time, with a clear head and with joyfulness, consummated in the midst of children and witnesses: so that an actual leave-taking is possible wh
Thoughts are the shadows of our sensations – always darker, emptier, simpler than these.
This secret spoke Life herself unto me: “Behold,” said she, “I am that which must ever surpass itself.”
This is what is hardest: to close the open hand because one loves.
There is more wisdom in your body than in your deepest philosophy.
There is in general good reason to suppose that in several respects the gods could all benefit from instruction by us human beings. We humans are – more humane.
There is always some madness in love. But there is also always some reason in madness.
The word “Christianity” is already a misunderstanding – in reality there has been only one Christian, and he died on the Cross.
The true man wants two things: danger and play. For that reason he wants woman, as the most dangerous plaything.
The newspaper reader says: this party will ruin itself if it makes errors like this. My higher politics says: a party which makes errors like this is already finished – it is no longer secure in its instincts.
The most spiritual human beings, assuming they are the most courageous, also experience by far the most painful tragedies: but it is precisely for this reason that they honor life, because it brings against them its most formidable weapons.
The most common lie is that which one lies to himself; lying to others is relatively an exception.
The individual has always had to struggle to keep from being overwhelmed by the tribe. If you try it, you will be lonely often, and sometimes frightened. But no price is too high to pay for the privilege of owning yourself.
The growth of wisdom may be gauged exactly by the diminution of ill temper.
The desire to create continually is vulgar and betrays jealousy, envy, ambition. If one is something one really does not need to make anything –and one nonetheless does very much. There exists above the “productive” man a yet higher species.
The Christian resolution to find the world ugly and bad has made the world ugly and bad.
The aphorism in which I am the first master among Germans, are the forms of “eternity”; my ambition is to say in ten sentences what everyone else says in a book – what everyone else does not say in a book.
The “kingdom of Heaven” is a condition of the heart – not something that comes “upon the earth” or “after death.”
Sleeping is no mean art: for its sake one must stay awake all day.
Precisely the least, the softest, lightest, a lizard’s rustling, a breath, a flash, a moment – a little makes the way of the best happiness.
Perhaps I know why it is man alone who laughs: He alone suffers so deeply that he had to invent laughter.
People who have given us their complete confidence believe that they have a right to ours. The inference is false, a gift confers no rights.
Out of damp and gloomy days, out of solitude, out of loveless words directed at us, conclusions grow up in us like fungus: one morning they are there, we know not how, and they gaze upon us, morose and gray. Woe to the thinker who is not the gardener but o
Our treasure lies in the beehive of our knowledge. We are perpetually on the way thither, being by nature winged insects and honey gatherers of the mind.
One should die proudly when it is no longer possible to live proudly.
One often contradicts an opinion when what is uncongenial is really the tone in which it was conveyed.
One must still have chaos in oneself to be able to give birth to a dancing star.
Once spirit was God, then it became man, and now it is even becoming mob.
On the mountains of truth you can never climb in vain: either you will reach a point higher up today, or you will be training your powers so that you will be able to climb higher tomorrow.
Nothing is beautiful, only man: on this piece of naivete rests all aesthetics, it is the first truth of aesthetics. Let us immediately add its second: nothing is ugly but degenerate man – the domain of aesthetic judgment is therewith defined.
Nothing has been purchased more dearly than the little bit of reason and sense of freedom which now constitutes our pride.
Not when truth is dirty, but when it is shallow, does the enlightened man dislike to wade into its waters.
Not necessity, not desire – no, the love of power is the demon of men. Let them have everything – health, food, a place to live, entertainment – they are and remain unhappy and low-spirited: for the demon waits and waits and will be satisfied.
No one lies so boldly as the man who is indignant.
Necessity is not an established fact, but an interpretation.
Many are stubborn in pursuit of the path they have chosen, few in pursuit of the goal.
Many a man fails as an original thinker simply because his memory it too good.
Let us beware of saying that death is the opposite of life. The living being is only a species of the dead, and a very rare species.
Judgments, value judgments concerning life, for or against, can in the last resort never be true: they possess value only as symptoms, they come into consideration only as symptoms – in themselves such judgments are stupidities.
It says nothing against the ripeness of a spirit that it has a few worms.
It is always consoling to think of suicide: in that way one gets through many a bad night.
Is man one of God’s blunders? Or is God one of man’s blunders?
In the consciousness of the truth he has perceived, man now sees everywhere only the awfulness or the absurdity of existence and loathing seizes him.
In large states public education will always be mediocre, for the same reason that in large kitchens the cooking is usually bad.
In heaven, all the interesting people are missing.
If you gaze long into an abyss, the abyss will gaze back into you.
If a woman possesses manly virtues one should run away from her; and if she does not possess them she runs away from herself.
I would believe only in a God that knows how to Dance.
I do not know what the spirit of a philosopher could more wish to be than a good dancer. For the dance is his ideal, also his fine art, finally also the only kind of piety he knows, his “divine service.”
I assess the power of a will by how much resistance, pain, torture it endures and knows how to turn to its advantage.
Hope in reality is the worst of all evils because it prolongs the torments of man.
He who has a why to live can bear almost any how.
He who has a strong enough why can bear almost any how.
He who fights with monsters might take care lest he thereby become a monster. Is not life a hundred times too short for us to bore ourselves?
He that humbleth himself wishes to be exalted.
Great indebtedness does not make men grateful, but vengeful; and if a little charity is not forgotten, it turns into a gnawing worm.
Fanatics are picturesque, mankind would rather see gestures than listen to reasons.
Extreme positions are not succeeded by moderate ones, but by contrary extreme positions.
Experience, as a desire for experience, does not come off. We must not study ourselves while having an experience.
Existence really is an imperfect tense that never becomes a present.
‘Evil men have no songs.’ How is it that the Russians have songs?
Enduring habits I hate… Yes, at the very bottom of my soul I feel grateful to all my misery and bouts of sickness and everything about me that is imperfect, because this sort of thing leaves me with a hundred backdoors through which I can escape from end
Egoism is the very essence of a noble soul.
Does wisdom perhaps appear on the earth as a raven which is inspired by the smell of carrion?
Distrust everyone in whom the impulse to punish is powerful!
Courageous, untroubled, mocking and violent-that is what Wisdom wants us to be. Wisdom is a woman, and loves only a warrior.
Christianity gave Eros poison to drink; he did not die of it but degenerated into vice.
Character is determined more by the lack of certain experiences than by those one has had.
Believe me! The secret of reaping the greatest fruitfulness and the greatest enjoyment from life is to live dangerously!
At times one remains faithful to a cause only because its opponents do not cease to be insipid.
At bottom every man knows well enough that he is a unique being, only once on this earth; and by no extraordinary chance will such a marvelously picturesque piece of diversity in unity as he is, ever be put together a second time.
Art is not merely an imitation of the reality of nature, but in truth a metaphysical supplement to the reality of nature, placed alongside thereof for its conquest.
Arrogance on the part of the meritorious is even more offensive to us than the arrogance of those without merit: for merit itself is offensive.
And we should consider every day lost on which we have not danced at least once. And we should call every truth false which was not accompanied by at least one laugh.
And if you gaze for long into an abyss, the abyss gazes also into you.
And be on they guard against the good and the just! They would fain curcify those who devise their own virtue – they hate the lonesome ones.
Although the most acute judges of the witches and even the witches themselves, were convinced of the guilt of witchery, the guilt nevertheless was non-existent. It is thus with all guilt.
Altered opinions do not alter a man’s character (or do so very little); but they do illuminate individual aspects of the constellation of his personality which with a different constellation of opinions had hitherto remained dark and unrecognizable.
All things are subject to interpretation whichever interpretation prevails at a given time is a function of power and not truth.
All sciences are now under the obligation to prepare the ground for the future task of the philosopher, which is to solve the problem of value, to determine the true hierarchy of values.
All in all, punishment hardens and renders people more insensible; it concentrates; it increases the feeling of estrangement; it strengthens the power of resistance.
All credibility, all good conscience, all evidence of truth come only from the senses.
Ah, women. They make the highs higher and the lows more frequent.
After coming into contact with a religious man I always feel I must wash my hands.
A woman may very well form a friendship with a man, but for this to endure, it must be assisted by a little physical antipathy.
A subject for a great poet would be God’s boredom after the seventh day of creation.
A letter is an unannounced visit, the postman the agent of rude surprises. One ought to reserve an hour a week for receiving letters and afterwards take a bath.
A great value of antiquity lies in the fact that its writings are the only ones that modern men still read with exactness.
A casual stroll through the lunatic asylum shows that faith does not prove anything.
인생을 살아야 할 이유를 아는 사람은 어떠한 상태에서도 견뎌낼 수 있다.
니체
더이상 자신있게 사는것이 불가능하다면 차라리 당당하게 죽을을 택하라.
침묵을 당하는 모든 진실은 독이 된다.
사람은 자기가 한 약속을 지킬만한 좋은 기억력을 가져야 한다.
신은 죽었다.
사람의 가치는 타인과의 관계로서만 측정될 수 있다.
하루의 생활을 다음과 같이 시작하면 좋을 것이다. 즉 눈을 떴을때 오늘 단 한사람에게라도 좋으니 그가 기뻐할 만한 무슨 일을 할 수 없을까, 생각하라.
오늘 가장 좋게 웃는 자는 역시 최후에도 웃을 것이다.
연애결혼, 그것은 과오를 아버지로 하고 불가피한 필요를 어머니로 한다.
굶주림이 혁명을 낳는 것은 아니다. 그보다도 민중이 먹게 되자 식욕을 얻은 것이다.
인간은 오직 사랑 속에서만, 사랑의 환상의 그늘에 숨어서만 창조되는 것이다.